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“柔道五教之技”(Gokyo-no-Waza)包含五個技術單元:手技、腰技、
足技、真捨身技和橫捨身技。這些單元構成了柔道訓練的基礎,並代表 了 講道館柔道中傳授投技術的順序。該系統選取了基本的投技技術,並 對其 進行分類,以便學生根據其難度分階段學習。
“柔道五教之技”屬於投技的重要類別,有助於理解整體技術體系。

要摔倒對手,必須處於正確的位置,保持正確的姿勢和狀態。在柔道比 賽 中,必須不斷探索對手的弱點,展現犧牲精神,化險為夷。因此,在 施展 招式時,必須保持這種意志。在機會出現時,必須果斷出手,以閃 電般的 速度施展,以達到預期的效果。柔道技巧千變萬化,在各種比賽 中都能創 造出無限多樣的動作。這正是柔道練習的原則。
柔道的鍛煉修行中,可幫助我們培養出堅強的意志,高雅的品性,靈活 精明的判斷,進而領悟出「精力善用 自他共榮」的真理,繼而為人類社 會文明做出貢獻。
1895 年,講道館柔道制定“五教”為學習投技的基本順序。最初,該體系 按難易程度排序制定了 42 式的 “舊五教”,隨後,1920 年(大正 9 年), 為了適應投技的發展,對該體系進行了修改,並公佈了 40 式的 “新五 教”。
第四教:浮落、浮技、抱分、肩車、引込返、外巻込、釣腰、移腰、大外落、 俵返(10 式)
第五教:橫車、橫分、內巻込、小內刈、足車、背負落、橫掛、掃釣込足、山 嵐、大外車、釣込腰(11 式)
近年,講道館與國際柔道聯合會共同制定柔道技術 100 式,分投技 68 式
和固技 32 式,作為國際柔道竟技的官方名稱。


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此技法的關鍵在於掌握受方重心轉移至右腳的時機。當受方落地時,取方需用 雙手扶住對方右手以進行保護。
A foot technique throws. At the instant your opponent has taken a step forward or backward and is on the verge of placing his weight on the stepping foot, use your own foot to sweep that foot from the rear, side, or front.
https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNDc5ODc5Njc2MA==.html?spm=a2hzp.8253869.0.0





蓋外側。左手順勢向外旋轉拉動,身體略向左扭轉,右手改握受方左上臂外 側,同時向內引拉。將受方朝其右斜前方以大弧度前滾的方式摔倒。
A foot technique throws. Break your opponent’s balance to his right front corner, then place the sole of your left foot on his right kneecap and use his this as a fulcrum around which to throw him by pulling his upper body.
https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNDgwNDc1MzU2MA==.html?spm=a2hzp.8253869.0.0




Lift-Pull Throw)【足技】

其右斜前方捲動摔倒。
注意:取方動作全程保持身體挺直,確保上半身對下半身發力的傳導效率。身 體要挺直左腳掃向受方左腳踝時需完全伸直,以腳掌外側或全掌穩定接觸,增 強掃絆的支撐與推動效果。雙手需同步向前引拉,與腳部掃絆動作形成上下協 同,持續破壞受方平衡。腰部需主動向左扭動,以腰腹為核心帶動全身發力, 將上下肢動作與手部拉力整合,形成連貫的“擰轉-拉動-掃絆”合力,確保技術 有效發揮。
A foot technique throws. As you break your opponent’s balance to his right front corner, block his supporting right leg by placing the sole of your foot just above his ankle, creating a pivot point, then lean back and twist to the left throw him over it.
https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNDgxMDI4MDgzNg==.html?spm=a2hzp.8253869.0.0





要點:雙方以右自然體握衣對峙,取方右手握襟,拉動受方上身向前浮起失 勢。當受方踏左腳穩定重心,或其左腳踏前並試圖以左手伸前抓握取方後襟 時,取方瞬間踏右腳,右手沿受方腰間深入並緊抱其身體,使雙方呈“T”字姿 勢且胸腹緊貼;同時左腳尖輕踏至受方左腳內側,身體向左扭動,將受方浮起 後向右斜方摔倒。
A hip technique throws. Break your opponent’s balance to his front or right front corner, then enter shallowly with your right hip while wrapping your right arm around his waist, and twist to the left to throw him over and around your hips without raising them of bending forward.
https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNTg0NDU0Njg5Mg==.html?spm=a2hkm.8166622.PhoneSokuUg
c_6.dscreenshot&playMode=pugv&frommaciku=1


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袖向前拉引,右手控制受方肩膀向左後斜角壓下,使受方重心集中於右腳。隨 後,取方右腳趾併攏拉直,以鐘擺式弧形撥高,用右大腿回撥至受方左大腿後 方,將其以大弧度向後割倒。
A foot technique throws. Break your opponent’s balance to his rear or right rear corner to shift most of his weight onto his right heel, then reap his leg with your right leg.
https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNDgxNDEwNzg3Ng==.html?spm=a2hzp.8253869.0.0





A hip technique throws. Break your opponent’s balance to his front or right front corner, enter deeply with your right hip to float him up, and twist to throw him over it.
https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNDc0NTk0NzA4NA==.html?spm=a2hzp.8253869.0.0





手握襟並將受方肩膀向其左後方壓下。當受方重心集中于左腳的瞬間,取方腰 部向左扭動,同時以右腳劃大弧形向右斜方回割受方左膝蓋後側,將受方向正 後方割倒。
A foot technique throws. Break your opponent’s balance to his left back corner, causing his stance to open wide and his weight to shift mostly onto his left heel, then step in deeply with your right leg and use it to reap his left leg from the inside with a large motion to your right to throw him backwards.
https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNDgyMTgxNzk5Mg==.html?spm=a2hzp.8253869.0.0




Shoulder Throw)【手技】

引拉,膝蓋伸展,腰部向上彈升,將受方經自身肩膀向正前方扭動摔倒。
A hand technique throws. Float your opponent’s balance to his front, then while pivoting to the left, grip his right inner sleeve and slip your right arm up from under his chest under his right armpit to grab the top of his right sleeve or shoulder, pull him onto your back, and throw him over your right shoulder.
https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNDc0MDcyNTYzNg==.html?spm=a2hzp.8253869.0.0





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